Smart cities are crucial for sustainable urban development as they manage growing populations through advanced sensor networks and digital communication systems. Smart monitoring, a key service in these cities, oversees both indoor and outdoor environments. For example, it can enhance road safety for autonomous vehicles by predicting and alerting them about potential accidents at intersections. Indoors, it supports vulnerable individuals by automatically notifying authorities during emergencies.Smart cities are crucial for sustainable urban development as they manage growing populations through advanced sensor networks and digital communication systems. Smart monitoring, a key service in these cities, oversees both indoor and outdoor environments. For example, it can enhance road safety for autonomous vehicles by predicting and alerting them about potential accidents at intersections. Indoors, it supports vulnerable individuals by automatically notifying authorities during emergencies.Automotive[#item_full_content]