Human–computer gaming has a long history and has been a main tool for verifying key artificial intelligence technologies. The Turing test, proposed in 1950, was the first human–computer game to judge whether a machine has human intelligence. This has inspired researchers to develop AI systems (AIs) that can challenge professional human players.Human–computer gaming has a long history and has been a main tool for verifying key artificial intelligence technologies. The Turing test, proposed in 1950, was the first human–computer game to judge whether a machine has human intelligence. This has inspired researchers to develop AI systems (AIs) that can challenge professional human players.Machine learning & AI[#item_full_content]