In recent years, artificial intelligence has demonstrated tremendous potential for the development and advancement of a wide variety of technologies. A good example is facial direction estimation, which finds applications in driver assistance systems that prevent distracted driving, methods to prevent cheating in examinations, and software for creating three-dimensional (3D) virtual avatars.In recent years, artificial intelligence has demonstrated tremendous potential for the development and advancement of a wide variety of technologies. A good example is facial direction estimation, which finds applications in driver assistance systems that prevent distracted driving, methods to prevent cheating in examinations, and software for creating three-dimensional (3D) virtual avatars.[#item_full_content]

As Frontier, the world’s first exascale supercomputer, was being assembled at the Oak Ridge Leadership Computing Facility in 2021, understanding its performance on mixed-precision calculations remained a difficult prospect. That gap in understanding wasn’t an oversight but rather a sign of just how novel supercomputer systems that excel at mixed precision remain in computational science, which has been dominated by double precision–focused systems for almost its entire history.As Frontier, the world’s first exascale supercomputer, was being assembled at the Oak Ridge Leadership Computing Facility in 2021, understanding its performance on mixed-precision calculations remained a difficult prospect. That gap in understanding wasn’t an oversight but rather a sign of just how novel supercomputer systems that excel at mixed precision remain in computational science, which has been dominated by double precision–focused systems for almost its entire history.[#item_full_content]

Diversity and inclusion are critical aspects of the responsible development of artificial intelligence (AI) technologies, including affective computing. Affective computing, which focuses on recognizing, interpreting, and responding to human emotions, can revolutionize various domains, such as health care, education, and human-machine interaction. Capturing subjective states through technical means is challenging, though, and errors can occur, as seen with lie detectors not working adequately or gender classifier systems misgendering users.Diversity and inclusion are critical aspects of the responsible development of artificial intelligence (AI) technologies, including affective computing. Affective computing, which focuses on recognizing, interpreting, and responding to human emotions, can revolutionize various domains, such as health care, education, and human-machine interaction. Capturing subjective states through technical means is challenging, though, and errors can occur, as seen with lie detectors not working adequately or gender classifier systems misgendering users.[#item_full_content]

A recent perspective article published in Engineering proposes a new way for evaluating artificial general intelligence (AGI) with the introduction of the Tong test (where “Tong” corresponds to the pronunciation of the Chinese character of “general,” as in “artificial general intelligence”). This innovative approach aims to provide a standardized, quantitative, and objective evaluation system for AGI by focusing on dynamic embodied physical and social interactions (DEPSI).A recent perspective article published in Engineering proposes a new way for evaluating artificial general intelligence (AGI) with the introduction of the Tong test (where “Tong” corresponds to the pronunciation of the Chinese character of “general,” as in “artificial general intelligence”). This innovative approach aims to provide a standardized, quantitative, and objective evaluation system for AGI by focusing on dynamic embodied physical and social interactions (DEPSI).[#item_full_content]

It is often a nuisance for residents living near railroad lines—and such a multi-faceted challenge for experts that there should be more than one word for “railroad noise.” Sounds from steel wheels on rough or smoother rails, braking sounds at different frequencies, engine noise, aerodynamic noise …all of it muffled or influenced by noise barriers, embankments, the nature of the ground beneath the tracks, and by the environment in which the sound waves propagate.It is often a nuisance for residents living near railroad lines—and such a multi-faceted challenge for experts that there should be more than one word for “railroad noise.” Sounds from steel wheels on rough or smoother rails, braking sounds at different frequencies, engine noise, aerodynamic noise …all of it muffled or influenced by noise barriers, embankments, the nature of the ground beneath the tracks, and by the environment in which the sound waves propagate.[#item_full_content]

In a study published in Engineering, researchers have developed a revolutionary method for data storage using DNA. The paper titled “Engineering DNA Materials for Sustainable Data Storage Using a DNA Movable-Type System” introduces a novel approach that utilizes DNA fragments, referred to as “DNA movable types,” for data writing, thereby eliminating the need for costly and environmentally hazardous DNA synthesis.In a study published in Engineering, researchers have developed a revolutionary method for data storage using DNA. The paper titled “Engineering DNA Materials for Sustainable Data Storage Using a DNA Movable-Type System” introduces a novel approach that utilizes DNA fragments, referred to as “DNA movable types,” for data writing, thereby eliminating the need for costly and environmentally hazardous DNA synthesis.[#item_full_content]

As research into photonic computing progresses, scientists seek to optimize the performance of optical computing devices by making purpose-specific changes to their design. A team led by Bo Wu and Shaojie Liu at Huazhong University of Science and Technology in China designed and tested a kind of Mach-Zehnder interferometer mesh that is more efficient at performing real-valued matrix-vector multiplication.As research into photonic computing progresses, scientists seek to optimize the performance of optical computing devices by making purpose-specific changes to their design. A team led by Bo Wu and Shaojie Liu at Huazhong University of Science and Technology in China designed and tested a kind of Mach-Zehnder interferometer mesh that is more efficient at performing real-valued matrix-vector multiplication.[#item_full_content]

Recent advancements in natural language processing (NLP) have ushered in a new era with the emergence of powerful language models, most notably the Generative Pretrained Transformer (GPT) series, which includes substantial language models such as ChatGPT (GPT-3.5 and GPT-4).Recent advancements in natural language processing (NLP) have ushered in a new era with the emergence of powerful language models, most notably the Generative Pretrained Transformer (GPT) series, which includes substantial language models such as ChatGPT (GPT-3.5 and GPT-4).[#item_full_content]

A new generation of cloud services is on the rise. It is based on the paradigm of “serverless computing,” which is an active research topic at the Institute for Computer Science in Würzburg.A new generation of cloud services is on the rise. It is based on the paradigm of “serverless computing,” which is an active research topic at the Institute for Computer Science in Würzburg.[#item_full_content]

Mobile robots have become increasingly sophisticated and are now being deployed in a growing number of real-world environments, including airports, malls, museums, health care facilities and other settings. So far, however, most of these robots have been introduced in clearly defined indoor environments, as opposed to completing missions that would require them to travel across the city or explore unknown and unmapped spaces.Mobile robots have become increasingly sophisticated and are now being deployed in a growing number of real-world environments, including airports, malls, museums, health care facilities and other settings. So far, however, most of these robots have been introduced in clearly defined indoor environments, as opposed to completing missions that would require them to travel across the city or explore unknown and unmapped spaces.[#item_full_content]